连词，代词及冠词的语法功能及重点复习知识点
有关背景常识介绍：
e.g. Where theres a willtheres a way. /有志者事竟成。
财富，财宝; e.g. the riches of knowledge 常识的宝库。)
Traditionally, people used to take off their shoes and crush1 the grapes with their bare feet to bring out the juice. Nowadays, this practice is usually carried out by machines.
used to: 过去常常;
take off：脱掉，起飞;
bare：裸的，裸身的;无遮蔽的;
carry out:拓展;贯彻，实行，实行
their people;
this -- take off their shoes and crush the grapes with their bare feet to bring out the juice
小结：
1. 代词一般前指，指代前文中出现的内容。
2. 在确认代词的指代对象时，应该注意该代词所在的结构在其所在句子中具备的意思。e.g. their people; their people; this -- take off their shoes and crush the grapes with their bare feet to bring out the juice
3. 同一句中， 相邻句中同一代词的指代内容一致;e.g. people used to take off their shoes and crush the grapes with their bare feet to bring out
在2003年综合类C级别的阅读理解文章中，在2003年理工类C级阅读理解的文章中都不约而同地在阅读文章中对代词的指代内容和冠词的指代内容进行直接的考察，目前职称英语考试已经基本上不对不定冠词进行考察了，对于不定冠词a/an，仅需有如此的认识：它们与可数名词连用，表示类型或者数目上的单数。如：
e.g. I am a student. 我是学生。
e.g. A man left a message to you. 和a message都是表示单数的定义。)
综合类C
New foods: foods 是物质名词， 物质名词的前面不出现冠词;
the New world 是由普通名词构成的专有名词， 特指美国的北部，中部和南部区域。
32. Some in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to
A. some cocoa trees
B. some chocolate drinks
C. some shops
D. some South American Indians
问题问及代词some在句中的指代内容。 第一找到这个词所在的句子：有关语句：In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
C. 解题线索：搭配结构：exist可以与前三个选项形成通顺的搭配结构，前句中可能与some形成呼应的复数名词有： shops, chocolate drinks, meeting places。 下面有两个确认答案的办法：
1。借用句意;2。借用前后句之间在时态上的特征： 从时态上看：过去时态和目前时态的对比正好说明了shops过去和目前的不同)。借用这两个办法都可以确认C是答案。
2003年理工C阅读理解的一道考试试题：
43. This line in paragraph 3 refers to
A. the line from the Tower Gateway2 Station to Poplar
B. the line from Poplar to Island Gardens
C. the Millwall Extension3 Railway
D. the line from Poplar to Stratford
有关语句：From Poplar to Island Gardens, a new line crosses high above the dock4 waters, and then joins the old track of the Millwall Extension Railway, built to service the Millwall Docks5 and to provide transport for workers in the local factories. This line was horse-drawn for part of its route, until the 1880s.
C. 第一找到This line 所在的句子，依据代词前指的特征，判断只有B和C可能成为答案。 the line所在的句子在内容上是在描述在1880s以前the line的状况， 所以大家要选择的答案应该是一条早已经存在了的铁路，因此判断答案是C
线索：时态。
在职称英语中对连词和代词的考察主要出目前文章阅读中，就题型而言主要在完型填空，补全短文，阅读理解如此的题型中涉及到。而对冠词的考察主如果在补全短文和阅读理解如此的题型中出现。而事实上考试试题中大都是间接或直接地在对这几种词类进行考察。连词的考察一般直接出目前完型填空题和对文章句意的理解上;代词的出现表明该词与其所在句子的前句或后句之间指代关系，在代词的学习中必须要形成代词大都是前指的定义。如：看见that就应该了解该词是前指 --指代前文/刚刚提到的内容，如：That is what he told me./那就是他所告诉我的话; After that he left./随后他就离开了。而 this可能是后指也会是前指。其作后指用是是指代下文或马上谈到的内容，如： Don't laugh when you hear this./听了这个你不要笑。
生活英语常用句：
第一次见面：
1)--- Hello, nice/pleased to meet you. /--- Nice/pleased to meet you, too.
2)---How are you? /---Fine, thanks. And you?
3)---How do you do?/---How do you do?
